This paper constructs a thermal model for micro-channel heat transfer and thermal energy storage, including conduction, convection, and radiation models, as well as sensible and latent heat storage models. Simulations were performed using FLUENT and COMSOL, and experimental validation was combined. The micro-channel heat transfer model incorporates a modified Fourier law to account for scale effects, while the convection heat transfer model incorporates roughness and cross-section corrections. The energy storage model also includes corrections for specific heat capacity non-linearity and phase change supercooling. The simulations employed the SST k-ω model and multiphysics coupling, with a mesh size of 2.5 million elements after verification of mesh independence. Experiments used a copper micro-channel heat exchanger and composite phase change material, controlling the flow rate, heat flux, and fill level. Results show that the simulated and experimental heat transfer coefficients deviate by ≤3.2%, and the energy storage density deviates by ≤3.8%, validating the model's accuracy and providing a basis for optimizing micro-channel heat transfer and energy storage systems.