To address the difficulty football equipment faces in handling dynamic thermal environments, this study focused on the application of PCM in the thermal management of football equipment. A multi-dimensional coupled system of "sports-thermal environment-materials" was constructed, and a dynamic heat load model based on the metabolic characteristics of football was established. An n-hexadecane-graphene composite PCM (with a phase transition temperature of 34.5°C and a latent heat of 238 kJ/kg) was designed. A 3-D transient thermal management model (with a total of 1.27 million elements) was constructed using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.1. Ten simulations were then conducted using orthogonal experimental design (covering -5°C, 25°C, and 38°C environments and exercise intensities ranging from 150 to 450 W/m²). The results showed that under the operating conditions of 38°C and 450 W/m², the PCM equipment had a steady-state temperature difference of 6.8°C, a phase change completion time of 15 minutes, and a peak heat flux density that was 28% lower than the control group. In a -5°C environment, the skin temperature of the 50% volume fraction group was 4.2°C higher than that of the 30% group. At wind speeds of 1-6 m/s, the phase change completion time was shortened by 56.25%. This study demonstrates that PCM can effectively regulate equipment temperature, providing a quantitative basis for the thermal management design of football equipment.