- home
- about
- founder & publisher
- editorial boards
- advisory board
- for authors
- call for papers
- archive
- online first
- editorial policy
- participation fee
- contacts
THERMAL SCIENCE
International Scientific Journal
Find this paper on
FLAME CHARACTERISTICS INFLUENCED BY THE ANGLE OF BURNERS FOR NON-PREMIXED C3H8/AIR
ABSTRACT
The study of micro flame characteristics is an essential basis for developing micro combustors. Therefore, the non-premixed C3H8-air micro flame characteristics were experimentally studied. Flame length, flame shape, and blow-out limit were studied by varying the equivalence ratio, Ф, the inlet velocity of C3H8-air, v, and angles of the burner. The results showed ignited non-premixed C3H8-air had three combustion states: no flame, a stable flame, and a blow-out flame. Whether ignited non-premixed C3H8-air could form a stable flame mainly depended on Ф and v. In addition, total flame lengths increased with the increase of Ф and v firstly. However, when Ф increased to a certain value, total flame lengths were independent of Ф and only affected by v. Moreover, flame length and shape were affected by the angle of the burner. Instead, the blow-out limit was found to be associated solely with Ф, but not the burner angle. The findings of this study provided fundamental data for the development of high-efficiency micro combustors.
KEYWORDS
PAPER SUBMITTED: 2022-03-01
PAPER REVISED: 2022-04-22
PAPER ACCEPTED: 2022-04-26
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 2022-07-09
DOI REFERENCE: https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI220301095J
CITATION EXPORT: view in browser or download as text file
REFERENCES
[1] O.S. Mayi, et al., Numerical simulation of premixed methane/air micro flame: effects of simplified one step chemical kinetic mechanisms on the flame stability, Applied Thermal Engineering, 73 (2014), 1, pp. 567-576, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.07.064
[2] X. Li, et al., Study on micro-flame ignited (MFI) hybrid combustion characteristics of a dual-fuel optical engine at different lambdas, Fuel, 290 (2021), Apr., pp. 119796, 10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119796
[3] N.S. Kaisare, et al., A review on microcombustion: Fundamentals, devices and applications, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 38 (2012), 3, pp. 321-359, 10.1016/j.pecs.2012.01.001
[4] S. Chou, et al., Development of micro power generators-a review, Applied Energy, 88 (2011), 1, pp. 1-16, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.07.010
[5] J.H. Cho, T. Lieuwen, Laminar premixed flame response to equivalence ratio oscillations, Combustion and Flame, 140 (2005), 1-2, pp. 116-129, 10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.10.008
[6] X. Shen, et al., Phenomenological characteristics of hydrogen/air premixed flame propagation in closed rectangular channels, Renewable Energy, 174 (2021), Aug., pp. 606-615, 10.1016/j.renene.2021.04.056
[7] L. Jiang, et al., Combustion characteristics of free-jet micro premixed flames, Journal of Combustion Science and Technology, 15 (2009), 05, pp. 440-444
[8] B. Savard, et al., Low-temperature chemistry in n-heptane/air premixed turbulent flames, Combustion and Flame, 196 (2018), Oct., pp. 71-84, 10.1016/j.combustflame.2018.05.029
[9] L. Jiang, et al., Cellular instabilities of n-butane/air flat flames probing by PLIF-OH and PLIF-CH2O laser diagnosis, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 118 (2020), Oct., pp. 110155, 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2020.110155
[10] J. Wan, H. Zhao, Blow-off mechanism of a holder-stabilized laminar premixed flame in a preheated mesoscale combustor, Combustion and Flame, 220 (2020), Oct., pp. 358-367, 10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.07.012
[11] E. Salzano, et al., The effect of a hydrogen addition to the premixed flame structure of light alkanes, Fuel, 234 (2018), Dec., pp. 1064-1070, 10.1016/j.fuel.2018.07.110
[12] O. Askari, et al., On the flame stability and laminar burning speeds of syngas/O2/He premixed flame, Fuel, 190 (2017), Feb., pp. 90-103, 10.1016/j.fuel.2016.11.042
[13] J. Luo, et al., Study on flame structures and emissions of CO and NO in Various CH4/O2/N2-O2/N2 counterflow premixed flames, Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, 53 (2017), 5, pp. 500-509, 10.1134/s0010508217050021
[14] W. Boyette, et al., Soot particle size distribution functions in a turbulent non-premixed ethylene-nitrogen flame, Flow, Turbulence and Combustion, 98 (2017), 4, pp. 1173-1186, 10.1007/s10494-017-9802-5
[15] Y. Xing, et al., Large eddy simulation of a turbulent non-premixed flame based on the flamelet-generated manifolds approach and a reduced mechanism verification, Aerospace Science and Technology, 105 (2020), Oct., pp. 105952, 10.1016/j.ast.2020.105952
[16] J. Wan, H. Zhao, Laminar non-premixed flame patterns in compact micro disc-combustor with annular step and radial preheated channel, Combustion and Flame, 227 (2021), May, pp. 465-480, 10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.01.024
[17] X. Li, et al., Combustion characteristics of non-premixed methane micro-jet flame in coflow air and thermal interaction between flame and micro tube, Applied Thermal Engineering, 112 (2017), Feb., pp. 296-303, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.10.082
[18] H. Su, et al., Flame propagation and oscillation in a millimeter-scale constant volume space, Combustion Science and Technology, 193 (2021), 10, pp. 1747-1765, 10.1080/00102202.2020.1713768
[19] M.J.C. Delichatsios, Flame, Transition from momentum to buoyancy-controlled turbulent jet diffusion flames and flame height relationships, Combustion and Flame, 92 (1993), 4, pp. 349-364, 10.1016/0010-2180(93)90148-v
[20] Y.-H. Kang, et al., Experimental and theoretical study on the flow, mixing, and combustion characteristics of dimethyl ether, methane, and LPG jet diffusion flames, Fuel Processing Technology, 129 (2015), Jan., pp. 98-112, 10.1016/j.fuproc.2014.09.004
PDF VERSION [DOWNLOAD]
© 2026 Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia. Published by the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International licence